Form Four Geography Notes All Topics
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Hello students and teachers welcome to peruzi nasi a number one education blog in Tanzania, in this page now you will get access to free notes of geography for form four class. This notes are free to read online.
In this post we have full notes of form four geography for all topics now you can read and download them in PDF format.
How To Read Our Free Form Four Geography Notes
To read our notes of geography online please you can follow our step-by-step guide listed below;
1. First in this page please scroll down until you find a list of form 4 geography topics.
2. From list of topics now select topics that you want to read its notes then click it.
3. Once you click on topic a new page will open with full notes.
4. Waahooo look now you have full notes of geography enjoy our notes for free.
NB; repeat the above steps to all topics so that you can read all geography topics of form four.
List Of Form Four Geography Topics
To view this Notes of Geography Form Four, please click the following links below:
TOPIC 1 – INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH
TOPIC 2 – CLIMATE AND NATURAL REGIONS
TOPIC 5 – ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND MANAGEMENT
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Concept of Research
The word research is derived from the French word “recherche” means “to search”. Research means a search for facts, answers to question and solutions to problems. It is a purposeful investigation conducted through inquiry. It seeks to find reliable and valid explanations to unexplained phenomena
In short, the search for knowledge through objective and systematic method of finding solution to a problem is research. Research is a systematic and scientific process of collecting, analyzing and interpreting data to gain knowledge or address or solve a particular problem
Kothari (2004) defined research as the systematic method consisting of enunciating the problem, formulating a hypothesis, collecting the facts or data, analyzing the facts and reaching particular conclusions either in the form of solution(s) towards the concerned problem or in certain generalization for some theoretical formulation
TIE (2016) defined research as a scientific and systematic process of collecting information, examining it, analyzing and interpreting data. Research may be very broadly defined as a systematic gathering of data and information and its analysis for the advancement of knowledge in any subject
Research
Characteristics of research
Characteristics of research include the following:
Empirical – research is based on direct experience or observation by the researcher.
Logical – research is based on valid procedures and principles.
Cyclical – research starts with a problem and ends with a problem.
Analytical – research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering data, whether historical, descriptive, experimental, and case study.
Critical – research exhibits careful and precise judgment.
Methodical – research is conducted in a methodical manner without bias using systematic method and procedures.
Replicability – research design and procedures are repeated to enable the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results.
Types of research
There are three main types of research as described below:-
1. Basic research
Basic research is a type of research that is conducted to collect data to advance or develop a certain scientific knowledge. It is always done through verification of theories. This type of research is driven simply by a desire to know or expand our knowledge. It tends not to be directly applicable to the real world directly but enhances our understanding of the world around us. Basically, it is for knowledge gaining not for direct problem solving
2. Applied research
Applied research is a type of research that involves seeking new applications of scientific knowledge to solve a problem such as the development of a new system or procedure, new device, or a new method to solve an immediate problem. Therefore, applied research is used to answer a specific question that has direct applications to the world. This is the type of research that solves a problem as it produces knowledge of practical use to man
3. Developmental research
Developmental research, also known as evaluative research, is decision-oriented research involving the application of steps of the scientific method in response to an immediate need to improve existing practices. It attempts to assess statistics of something in order to determine its level of worth. If the need arises, an improvement on it is made
4. Analytical Research
Is a type of research that uses facts already available and analyses these facts to make a critical evaluation of the materials. So, it is a research that seeks to make a critical evaluation
The Importance of Research in Daily Life
Knowledge generated by research is the basis of sustainable development, which requires that knowledge be placed at the service of development, be converted into applications, and be shared to ensure widespread benefits. Some benefits of research include the following:
- Knowledge generated by research is the basis of sustainable development, which requires that knowledge be placed at the service of development, be converted into applications, and be shared to ensure widespread benefits. Some benefits of research include the following
- Research is essential to the economic and social development of our globalized society. For example, research can lead to the improvement in the quality of life when, for instance, the findings show that fast population growth does not match the government‘s efforts to provide comprehensive social services such as water supply, health, and education. In this case, family planning methods can be used to check population growth
- Research enables the development of knowledge or generation of new knowledge. For example, a researcher can establish the reason why malaria cases are on the increase despite the supply of mosquito nets to every household. The information obtained can be used to tackle the problem in a different approach rather than an insistence on the use of nets
- Research can test viabilities of theories and possibly develop new theories and laws whic later help for knowledge advancement or solve a particular problem
- Knowledge generated from research can improve farming schemes or any other aspect related to life
- Knowledge from research can help in solving the problem of resources sharing among the community. This is because, the data concerning population and available resources can be gathered through research knowledge
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